533-Byzantine General Belisarius defeats the Vandals, under King Gelimer, at the Battle of Ticameron
1256-Hulagu Khan captures and destroys Hashshashin stronghold at Alamut, in present-day Iran, part of the Mongol offensive on Islamic southwest Asia
1488-Bartolomeu Dias returns to Portugal after becoming first known European to sail round the Cape of Good Hope
1612-German astronomer Simon Marius is the first to observe the Andromeda Galaxy through a telescope
1791-U.S. Bill of Rights ratified when Virginia gives its approval, becomes amendments 1-10 of the U.S. constitution
1915-ANZAC forces begin their withdrawal from the Gallipoli Peninsula after Ottoman forces successfully defend access to Constantinople
1973-American Psychiatric Association declares homosexuality is not a mental illness