MONDAY, Nov. 3, 2025

644-The second Muslim caliph, Umar ibn al-Khattab, is injured in an assassination attempt in Medina by Lu'lu, an enslaved Persian captive; the caliph dies four days later

1534-English parliament passes the Act of Supremacy making Henry VIII and all subsequent monarchs the Head of the Church of England

1620-Great Patent granted to Plymouth Colony

1640-English Long Parliament forms

1906-International Radiotelegraph Conference in Berlin selects the "SOS" (· · · – – – · · ·) distress signal as the worldwide standard for help

1935 — Korean runner Sohn Kee-chung sets new men’s marathon world record, 2:26:42 in Tokyo, Japan

1957-Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2 with space dog Laika aboard, a mostly Siberian Husky, the first animal in space

1970-U.S. President Richard Nixon promises gradual troop removal of Vietnam

1992-Dianne Feinstein is elected to the U.S. Senate, goes on to become longest serving female there, serving until her death in 2023