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Thu, November 30, 2023 | 23:57
Science
Decades-long mystery of blue flowers solved
파란 꽃의 비밀 풀리다
Posted : 2014-01-03 17:48
Updated : 2014-01-03 17:48
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An image of a blue petunia./ Courtesy of hddesktops.com
An image of a blue petunia./ Courtesy of hddesktops.com

By Kim Su-mi


According to livescience.com, mysteriously blue petunias get their rare color from a molecular defect in a system that controls the acidity of the flowers' cells.

A research team at the University of Amsterdam conducted a study focusing on the blue type of petunias whose color is usually red or violet and revealed a new cellular "pump" in plants that researchers had never seen before.

This finding could be used to manipulate colors in other flowers and new flavors in fruits, wines and juices, researchers reported on Jan. 2 in the journal Cell Reports.

From the 19th century, efforts to solve this mystery had abounded.

One theory argued that the petals of blue petunias were less acidic which somehow altered their color and another suggested that it was due to a different formation of the chemicals.

The research found that the cells move materials across their membranes with the help of tiny pumps which also enable them to balance their acidity.

Petal cells have different pH levels in various compartments and the study has confirmed that it is this pump that moves protons across membranes.

It is different from other cellular pumps in plants as it allows acidity to build up more than any other types.

In blue petunias, the researchers found, genetic defects skew this pumping system so that the increase in acidity does not occur.

These genes are likely to be also important in different types of plants and that they may be codes for other parts of plants.

They pointed out that it may be their blue color that grab people's attention but it is less likely than red or violet to attract pollinators such as bees.




파란 꽃의 비밀 풀리다

희귀한 푸른 색의 페튜니아는 세포의 산성을 조절하는 분자의 결함 때문에 탄생하는 것으로 밝혀졌다고 라이브사이언스 닷컴이 2일 보도했다.

 네덜란드 VU대학 과학자들은 붉은색 아니면 보라색인 대부분의 페튜니아와 달리 푸른색을 띠는 페튜니아를 연구하는 과정에서 지금까지 알려지지 않은 새로운 세포 '펌프'를 발견했다고 셀(Cell) 저널에 발표했다.

 이 연구 성과를 이용하면 다른 꽃의 색도 마음대로 조절하고 과일과 포도주·주스에 새로운 맛을 낼 수 있을 것이라고 이들은 말했다.

 이들은 페튜니아 꽃잎의 세포를 형성하는 분자 구조를 연구한 끝에 분자가 아주 작은 펌프의 도움을 받아 세포막 사이로 물질을 운반할 뿐 아니라 세포의 산성도까지도 조절한다는 사실을 발견했다.

꽃잎의 세포들은 다양한 세포 칸마다 산성도에 큰 차이가 있는데 연구진은 이번에 처음 발견된 펌프들이 세포막 사이로 양성자를 이동시킨다는 사실을 밝혀냈다.

이 펌프는 다른 유형의 세포 펌프보다 더 많은 산성이 축적되도록 하는 다른 세포 펌프와 같은 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다.

그러나 푸른 페튜니아의 경우 유전자 결함으로 이런 펌프 시스템에 장애가 생겨 산성도 증강현상이 나타나지 않는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

연구진은 이런 유전자가 다른 식물에도 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 보이며 이런 유전자는 아마도 꽃잎이 아닌 다른 곳에서 발현되는 것으로 보인다고 지적했다.

예를 들어 담배에서는 같은 유전자가 줄기와 꽃봉오리, 뿌리에서 발현된다는 것이다. 그러나 이런 조직에서 이들 유전자가 어떤 기능을 하는지는 아직 밝혀지지 않았다.

이들은 그러나 푸른 페튜니아는 희귀성 때문에 사람들의 사랑을 받을지 몰라도 붉은 꽃이나 보라색 꽃보다는 벌 같은 수분매개 곤충을 잘 끌어들이지 못하기 때문에 불리한 입장이라고 지적했다.
 
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