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Tue, October 3, 2023 | 06:57
Editorial
Increasingly difficult life
[사설] 갈수록 어려워지는 삶
Posted : 2023-06-01 16:31
Updated : 2023-06-02 16:13
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Government must loosen purse strings to help the poor
정부, 지갑 열어 저소득층 지원해야


A double whammy of the economic slowdown and inflation is having an impact on low- and middle-income households.
경기 침체 및 인플레이션이라는 이중고가 저소득층 및 중산층 가정에 영향을 미치고 있다.


According to Statistics Korea's household survey, six in 10 families saw their real, or inflation-adjusted, income stagnate or set back in the first quarter.
통계청 가계조사에 따르면 국내 10가구 중 6가구는 실질 또는 인플레이션 조정 소득이 1분기에 정체되거나 줄어든 것으로 나타났다.


Those in the bottom 20 percent of the income bracket suffered a monthly deficit of 461,000 won ($350) on average, the largest since 2006, when the government began to compile related figures. The Economic Misery Index, (the jobless rate plus inflation) soared to 8.8, the highest since 1999 after the Asian currency crisis.
소득구간 하위 20%는 월평균 46만1000원(350달러)이 적자였는데, 이는 정부가 관련 통계 작성을 시작한 2006년 이후 최대 규모다. 경제고통지수(실업률과 인플레이션의 합)는 아시아 통화 위기 이후 1999년 이래 최고치인 8.8로 치솟았다.


All this occurred under a government whose slogan is to revive the public's livelihoods. Economic officials predict the situation will turn around in the second half of the year, but private economists say otherwise. This likely indicates that things will worsen for many months before getting any better.
국민 일상 회복을 슬로건으로 내건 정부에서 이런 상황이 발생했다. 경제 당국은 하반기에 상황이 반전될 것으로 예측하지만, 민간 경제학자들은 다른 의견을 제시하고 있다. 이는 상황이 나아지기 전 수개월 동안 어려운 시기가 이어질 거라는 점을 시사한다.


What went wrong?
무엇이 잘못됐나?


Granted, the Yoon Suk Yeol administration started amid an unfavorable economic environment of the "three highs" ― a high-interest rate, high inflation and weak currency (high exchange rate against the U.S. dollar). But Yoon and his economic aides made bad situations worse. Instead of bolstering the sagging economy, they tightened budget spending under the pretext of "fiscal soundness."
윤석열 정부는 "삼고(三高)"인 높은 금리, 높은 인플레이션, 약한 통화(미국 달러에 대한 높은 환율)라는 불리한 경제적 환경에서 출발했다는 점은 인정할 만하다. 그러나 윤석열 대통령과 경제 분야 보좌관들은 나쁜 상황을 더 악화시켰다. 침체된 경제를 활성화하는 대신 "재정 건전성"을 핑계로 예산 지출을 축소했다.


Even more incomprehensibly, they granted tax cuts to large companies and wealthy individuals. That sharply reduced tax revenue, making it even harder to restore fiscal health, slashing already meager welfare benefits for the poor, and widening the income and wealth gap. Yoon still seems to believe in the "trickle-down effect," which global experts have concluded does not exist. Instead, the global trend is toward a "trickle-up effect." If you give the money to the poor, they will help to revive the economy.
더욱 이해하기 힘든 점은 정부가 대기업 및 상류층에 세금 인하 혜택을 부여한 것이다. 이로 인해 세금 수입이 급격히 감소해 재정 건전성을 회복이 더욱 어려워졌고, 이미 빈약한 복지 혜택을 누리는 저소득층에게 큰 타격을 입히며 소득과 재산 격차를 확대했다. 윤석열 대통령은 국제 전문가들이 존재하지 않는다고 결론 내린 "낙수효과"를 여전히 신봉하는 것으로 보인다. 하지만 세계는 반대 추세인 "분수효과"로 향하고 있다. 빈민층에 돈을 주면, 이들은 경제 회복에 기여할 것이다.


The incumbent government's lack of an economic philosophy pushes it to follow in the footsteps of failed conservative governments of the past, such as under Lee Myung-bak and Park Geun-hye.
현 정부는 경제 철학 부재로 이명박과 박근혜 정부와 같은 전 보수 정권이 밟았던 실패한 길을 따르고 있다.


As the world exits the COVID-19 pandemic, major economies, including the U.S., are returning to tax hikes and big government. Korea Inc. stands out by sticking to small government and fiscal austerity. State finance must be opposite to family finance. Families reduce spending when the economy is bad. However, the economy worsens if the government tightens the purse strings during a slump.
세계가 코로나19 대유행에서 벗어나자 미국을 포함한 주요 경제국은 세금 인상과 큰 정부로 회귀하고 있다. 그러나 한국은 소규모 정부와 재정 축소 정책을 유지한다는 독특한 입지를 갖고 있다. 국가 재정은 가계 재정과 반대로 가야 한다. 가계는 경제가 어려울 때 지출을 줄인다. 그러나 정부가 불황기에 지출을 절감하면 경제는 악화된다.


Of course, contemporary Koreans should not leave too much debt to their descendants, as the Korean president says. But the good intention could be penny-wise and pound-foolish in a worst-case scenario.
물론 대통령이 말하듯 현 세대 한국인은 후손에게 지나친 부채를 남겨서는 안 된다. 그러나 최악의 경우 돈을 절약하려는 선한 의도가 오히려 미래 세대에 큰 손해를 입힐 수도 있다.


Suppose the nation fails to invest in essential infrastructure and education. In that case, it will leave industries in a state of deterioration and cause society to decline. More so, considering Korea's government debt is one of the lowest among the 22 most advanced economies, while its household debt is almost the highest. More money must move from state storehouses to the people, especially the most vulnerable and underprivileged.
정부가 필수 공공 기반시설 및 교육 투자에 실패했다고 가정하자. 그럴 경우, 산업은 저하되고 사회는 쇠퇴할 것이다. 게다가 한국 정부 부채는 22개 선진국 중에서 가장 낮은 편에 속하고, 가계 부채는 상대적으로 높은 수준이라는 점을 고려할 때 더욱 그렇다. 더 많은 자금이 국가 재정에서 국민에게, 특히 가장 취약하고 불우한 개인에게 돌아가야 한다.

KEY WORDS
■ loosen the purse strings 재정 완화책을 쓰다
■ double whammy 이중고
■ stagnate 침체되다, 부진해지다
■ bracket (소득 등의) 계층[대]
■ turn around (경제 따위가) 회복되다
■ bolster 강화[개선]하다
■ slash 대폭 줄이다
■ trickle-down effect 낙수효과
■ trickle-up effect 분수효과
■ follow in the footsteps of ~의 뒤를 따르다
■ austerity 검소, 긴축
■ penny-wise and pound-foolish 소탐대실인(푼돈을 아끼려도 큰돈을 잃는)
■ underprivileged (사회·경제적으로) 혜택을 못 받는

사설 원문 보기


Emailywjeon@ktimes.com Article ListMore articles by this reporter
 
miguel
wooribank
LG
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