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Fri, December 8, 2023 | 16:03
Drinking, smoking, obesity cause W23 tril. in socioeconomic costs
음주·흡연·비만 사회경제적 비용 연 23조3천억
Posted : 2016-01-04 16:43
Updated : 2016-01-04 21:55
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By Chung Ah-young

The social and economic costs of drinking, smoking and obesity in Korea are estimated at 23.3 trillion won annually, a report said Monday.

The Health Insurance Policy Research Institute released the study on the socioeconomic effects of major health risk factors.

The social and economic costs include direct costs such as medical and nursing expenses and indirect costs such as future income loss arising from premature death or loss of productivity. It is calculated based on various data, indexes and statistics about cause of death, employment and economic forecast.

The report shows that the annual costs resulting from drinking reached 9.4 trillion won in 2013, the biggest burden. The costs from smoking and obesity were 7.1 trillion won and 6.7 trillion won, respectively.

Among the costs, medical expenses represented the largest portion or 39.1 percent, followed by income loss from premature death at 35.9 percent and loss of productivity at 13.9 percent.

"The medical burden is the biggest part of the total cost caused by health risks. Staying in good health will reduce the burden on the national health insurance system," the report stated.

"Among the three risk factors, drinking is the biggest culprit, and the cost associated with obesity is rapidly increasing. The state policy for health improvement should focus on reducing obesity and drinking problems in addition to the current anti-smoking campaign," it said.

The socioeconomic cost has been on the rise from 13.5 trillion won in 2005 to 17.5 trillion won in 2007, 20.2 trillion won in 2009 and 21.6 trillion won in 2011. Over the last eight years, the cost from obesity has grown rapidly, a 2.22-fold increase.



음주·흡연·비만 사회경제적 비용 연 23조3천억

음주>흡연>비만 순…비만 비용 8년새 배 이상 급증
경기도 예산보다 많아…남성과 중장년층 비용 유발 많아

음주와 흡연, 비만으로 인해 발생하는 사회경제적 비용이 연간 23조3천억원에 이르는 것으로 추산됐다.

국민건강보험공단 건강보험정책연구원은 4일 '주요 건강위험요인의 사회경제적 영향과 규제정책 효과평가(이선미, 윤영덕 등)' 보고서에서 2013년 기준 음주, 흡연, 비만의 사회경제적 비용을 산출했다.

분석 결과 음주로 인한 비용은 9조4천524억원, 흡연은 7조1천258억원, 비만은 6조7천695억원으로 총 23조3천477억원에 달했다.

이들 비용은 건강보험 보험료 수입의 59.8%, 건강보험 총진료비의 45.8%에 해당하는 금액이다. 정부의 사회간접자본(SOC) 예산(23조3천억원)과 같으며 MB정부의 4대강 사업비(22조원)보다 많다.

연구진은 2005년부터 2년 간격으로 이들 건강위험요인으로 인한 사회경제적 비용을 산출했는데, 2005년 13조5천억원에서 2007년 17조5천억원, 2009년 20조2천억원, 2011년 21조6천억원 등으로 매년 증가 추세다.

지난 8년간 사회경제적 비용을 가장 많이 발생한 건강위험요인은 비만이었다. 비만으로 초래된 비용은 그동안 2.22배 늘어 흡연 1.62배와 음주 1.56배보다 증가폭이 컸다.

2013년을 기준으로 이들 3대 건강위험요인의 사회경제적 비용을 성별로 보면 남성이 17조2천억원으로 여성의 6조2천억원의 2.8배에 달했다.

연령대별로는 50대 32.7%, 40대 21.3%, 60대 17.1% 등으로 40~60대가 전체 비용발생의 71.1%를 차지했다. 30대(7.6%), 80대 이상(5.9%), 20대 이하(3.2%)는 상대적으로 비중이 적었다.

발생 비용 중에서는 의료비(39.1%)가 가장 많은 부분을 차지했으며, 조기사망비용(35.9%), 생산성 손실액(13.9%), 생산성 저하액(6%) 순이었다.

연구진은 국민건강보험공단의 빅데이터를 비롯해 통계청(소비자 물가조사, 사망원인 통계), 고용노동부(근로실태조사), 도로교통공단(교통사고 통계분석), 한국개발연구원(장기재정전망보고서) 등의 자료를 종합해 사회경제적 비용을 산출했다

각 위험요인별로 직접비(의료비, 교통비, 간병비)와 간접비(조기 사망에 따른 미래 손실 소득액, 의료이용에 따른 생산성 손실액, 생산성 저하액)을 따졌고 재산피해액, 행정처리비용 등도 고려했다.

음주와 흡연은 조기사망으로 인한 비용이 각각 42.3%, 47.8%로 가장 많은 비중을 차지했다. 직접의료비는 음주와 비만에서 각각 25.0%, 34.1%로 그 다음이었다. 두 요인 모두 남성이 여성보다 5.2배씩 손실 규모가 커서 전반적으로 비슷한 패턴을 보였다.

반면 비만의 경우 조기사망으로 인한 비용이 차지하는 비중이 13.5%로 낮은 대신 직접의료비가 64.2%로 높았다. 성별로도 남성(48.5%)과 여성(51.5%) 사이에 별다른 차이가 없었다.

보고서는 '위험 요인으로 초래된 비용 중 의료비의 부담이 가장 크다'며 '건강보험 재정부담을 줄이기 위해 적극적으로 건강 관리를 하도록 도와야 한다'고 제안했다.

이어 '3가지 요인 중 음주의 비중이 가장 크고 비만으로 인한 비용이 급증하고 있다'며 '건강증진사업 대상을 흡연 외에 비만과 절주 사업으로 강화해야 한다'고 제안했다. (연합뉴스)
Emailchungay@koreatimes.co.kr Article ListMore articles by this reporter
 
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