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WEDNESDAY, Jan. 14, 2026

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1526-Charles V and Francis I sign the Treaty of Madrid, forcing Francis to give up claims to Burgundy, Italy and Flanders

1641-Dutch East India Company conquers the city of Malacca, 7,000 killed

1724-Spanish King Philip V abdicates throne, in favor of his son 17 year old son Louis; returns to rule in September when Louis dies of smallbox

1761-Third Battle of Panipat: In one of the largest battles of the century, the mostly Muslim Afghani Durrani Empire defeats the mostly Hindu Maratha Empire in Northern India. An estimated 60,000–70,000 were killed in the fighting and about 40,000 Maratha prisoners massacred afterwards.

1784-U.S. Congress of the Confederation ratifies the Treaty of Paris, signed September 3, 1783, ending the Revolutionary War, and forwards it to Great Britain

1914-The Gandhi-Smuts Agreement is reached between General Jan Smuts and Indian civil rights leader M.K. Gandhi, regarding voluntary registration, poll tax, recognition of Indian marriages and other matters in South Africa

2011-Tunisian president Ben Ali, flees to Saudi Arabia after popular protests known as the Jasmine Revolution