539-B.C. King Cyrus "the Great" of Persia marches into Babylon, freeing Jewish captives and allowing them to return home
1268-Conradin, the last legitimate male heir of the German Hohenstaufen dynasty of Kings and Holy Roman Emperors, is executed with Frederick I, Margrave of Baden by Charles I of Sicily
1665-Battle of Mbwila [Ambuila]: Portuguese forces defeat the Kingdom of Kongo and decapitate King António I of Kongo, also known as Nvita a Nkanga
1922-Italian King Victor Emmanuell III appoints Benito Mussolini (Il Duce) as Prime Minister of Italy
1929-Stock market crash on Wall Street, known as "Black Tuesday," triggers the Great Depression
1954-Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser disbands the Muslim Brotherhood
1966-National Organization of Women (NOW) officially established at an organizing conference in Washington D.C.; Betty Friedan is elected as President
1999-Deadliest Indian Ocean tropical super cyclone hits Odisha, India, death toll 9,885, wind speed of 300 mph
2015-China announces the end of its one-child policy after 35 years
2022-Crowd surge at Halloween festivities in Seoul, South Korea, leaves 155 people dead