1461-Empire of Trebizond surrenders to forces of Sultan Mehmed II, the last remnant of the Byzantine Empire to fall; Emperor David is exiled and later murdered
1620-Mayflower sets sail from Southampton, England, with 102 Pilgrims
1900-Boxer Rebellion: Chinese Empress Dowager Cixi, her family, and court retainers flee Peking for Xi'an while foreign troops move through the capital in an attempt to quell the rebellion
1945-World War II: Korean Liberation Day
1947-India gains independence from the United Kingdom, remains a dominion until 1950
1998-Omagh bombing in Northern Ireland, the worst terrorist incident of The Troubles, kills 29 people and injures about 220
2021-Afghan President Ashraf Ghani flees the country as Taliban forces enter the capital Kabul and take control