1099-First Crusade: 15,000 starving Christian soldiers march in religious procession around Jerusalem as its Muslim defenders look on
1497-Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama departs on his first voyage, will become the 1st European to reach India by sea
1777-Independent Vermont introduces a new constitution, prohibiting slavery
1800-Dr. Benjamin Waterhouse gives the first cowpox vaccination in the United States to his son to prevent smallpox
1853-Commodore Matthew C. Perry sails his frigate Susquehanna into Tokyo Bay, opening Japan to Western influence and trade
1948-500th anniversary of the Russian Orthodox Church celebrated in Moscow
1949-South Africa's Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act commences, prohibiting marriage or a sexual relationship between White people and people of other races