1852-British recognize independence of Transvaal (in South Africa)
1871-First cable car patented, by Andrew Smith Hallidie in the US (begins service in 1873)
1928-First fully automatic photographic film developing machine patented
1941-Chiang Kai-Shek disbands the Communist New Fourth Army after the New Fourth Army incident at Maolin, Anhui Province between the nationalist and communist armies leaves many dead
1945-Nazis begin evacuation of Auschwitz concentration camp to other camps in Austria and Germany as the Red Army advanced across Poland
1951-China refuses ceases-fire in Korea
1973-New Philippine constitution names Marcos president for life
1998-U.S. President Bill Clinton faces sexual harassment charges from Paula Jones