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Sat, January 28, 2023 | 12:00
Samsung doubles battery capacity
삼성전자, 리튬이온배터리 용량 2배로 늘렸다
Posted : 2015-06-26 18:42
Updated : 2015-06-26 22:29
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By Yoon Sung-won

Samsung researchers have developed materials that double the power capacity of lithium-ion batteries.

Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) said the technology uses silicon cathode material coded with high-crystalline graphene to produce batteries with twice as much capacity as ordinary lithium-ion batteries.

The institute said the research result was published in the international science journal Nature Communication on Thursday.

The research team said the new technology is expected to enhance the performance of mobile devices and electric vehicles.

"The research has dramatically improved the capacity of lithium-ion batteries by applying a new synthesis method of high-crystalline graphene to a high-capacity silicon cathode," said Son In-hyuk, a professional researcher at SAIT. "We will continue to improve the secondary cell technology to meet the expanding demand from mobile device and electric vehicle markets."

The lithium-ion battery was introduced in 1991 and its storage capacity has been gradually improved. But the material's properties have limited improvements to capacity, failing to follow skyrocketing demand from the mobile and electric car industries.

Consequently, researchers worldwide have accelerated the development of materials for a high-capacity battery that can fundamentally overcome the limitations in graphite material.

One of them is silicon, which is expected to realize more than 10 times the power capacity compared with graphite. But the research has faced serious technological problems over drastic degradation of battery life.

SAIT said its researchers turned to graphene, a relatively new material that is physically strong and highly conductive, to solve this problem.

This material has up to four times the capacity compared with graphite and can double the energy density of ordinary lithium-ion batteries, the institute said.

Patents covering the new technology have been applied for in Korea, China, Europe and the United States.


삼성전자, 리튬이온배터리 용량 2배로 늘렸다

삼성전자 종합기술원이 현재의 상용 리튬이온전지보다 2배에 가까운 에너지밀도를 구현할 수 있는 고결정 그래핀(Graphene) 코팅 실리콘 음극소재 기술을 개발했다.

이번 연구성과는 25일 과학저널 네이처 커뮤니케이션즈(Nature Communications) 온라인에 'SiC-free(Silicon carbide-free) 그래핀 직성장 실리콘 음극 소재를 이용한 고용량 리튬이온전지 구현'이라는 제목으로 게재됐다.  

리튬이온전지는 1991년 최초로 상용화된 이후 음극·양극 소재의 한계로 20년 넘도록 용량 발전이 2배 수준에 그쳤다.  

이번 연구성과로 에너지밀도를 2배로 높이면 배터리 용량이 단 번에 2배로 늘어나게 된다. 고용량·고밀도 배터리 개발로 모바일 기기와 전기차 시장 확대에 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다. 

그동안 기존 음극소재 흑연에 대비해 용량을 높일 수 있는 소재 후보로 실리콘 연구가 진행됐지만 전지 충방전 반복으로 수명이 급격히 저하되는 기술적 난제가 있었다.

삼성전자 종합기술원이 이 문제를 해결할 고용량·고내구성 음극소재를 개발한 것이다.

물리적 강도와 전도도가 높은 그래핀을 세계 최초로 실리콘 표면에 성장시켜 충방전 중 부피 팽창으로 인한 구조 붕괴를 막는 그래핀층 구조의 소재를 합성했다.

부피가 늘어날 때 그래핀 보호층이 슬라이딩돼 내구성을 향상시키는 메커니즘을 최초로 규명했다. 

이 소재는 흑연 대비 4배의 용량을 가졌다. 이를 상용 리튬이온전지에 적용하면 2배에 가까운 에너지밀도를 구현할 수 있다. 관련 기술은 미국·유럽·중국·한국 등에 총 5건이 특허 출원됐다. 

논문 제1저자인 삼성전자 종합기술원 손인혁 전문연구원은 '고결정 그래핀의 신규 합성법을 고용량 실리콘 음극에 적용해 리튬이온전지 소재 성능을 크게 향상한 결과'라고 설명했다.

삼성전자 종합기술원은 또 나노미터 규모에서 그래핀 내의 포논(phonon) 특성을 제어할 수 있는 기술도 개발해 네이처 커뮤니케이션즈에 게재했다.

반도체 선폭 10분의 1 수준인 나노미터 크기로 기판과 상호작용이 작은 순수한 그래핀 영역을 생성하는 방법을 최초로 제시한 연구로 고집적 반도체 소자 설계·분석의 기반을 마련한 것으로 평가된다. (연합뉴스)
Emailyoonsw@ktimes.com Article ListMore articles by this reporter
 
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