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Mon, August 15, 2022 | 06:10
Extinct mammoth to be revived in cloning?
Posted : 2011-01-11 19:07
Updated : 2011-01-11 19:07
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Japanese scientists will soon launch research on reproduce mammoth, which was extinct 10,000 years ago, in cloning.

According to Japanese major daily, Yomiuri Shimbun, the research team led by Akira Iritani, professor at Kinki University of Japan, is expected to provide healthy tissue of mammoth, to be extracted with the technology used in extracting DNA, to a Russian science research institute this summer.

The researchers will combine cell nucleus of mammoth with nucleus-minus egg of an elephant and produce cloned fetus with mammoth’s gene, which will be implanted into the womb of surrogate mother elephant for a baby mammoth.

They collected tissues of skin and muscle of mammoth in three explorations in frozen soil of Siberia during the research, which started in 1997. However, the project was delayed as they could not use cell nucleuses as most of them got hardened as ice crystal.

But, Dr. Deruhiko Wakayama, a researcher at the Center of Developmental Biology of RIKEN in Kobe, successfully cloned mouse for the first time in the world in 2008, with cells of a mouse frozen while being dead for 16 years.

The team led by Prof. Iritani has developed a new technology, based on the technology, which enables the team to extract healthy cell nucleus in compressed tissue without damage. The compressed tissue contains healthy cell nucleus equivalent of 2-3 percent of the total.

If the cloned fetus of mammoth is produced successfully, a Japanese professor and a U.S. team, who are experts of external fertilization, will implant the fetus into surrogate mother, African elephant. If it progresses as scheduled, they expect that a baby mammoth will be born in five to six years later.



멸종 ‘매머드’ 부활하나…코끼리로 배양

일본의 과학자들이 올해부터 1만년전 멸종한 매머드를 복제하는 연구를 본격적으로 추진한다.

5일 일본 요미우리신문에 따르면 현지 긴키대의 이리타니 아키라 교수 연구팀은 냉동세포에서 정상적인 DNA를 추출하는 기술로 올 여름 양질의 매머드 조직을 러시아의 과학연구소에 제공할 전망이다.

이번 연구는 핵을 뺀 코끼리 난자에 매머드의 세포핵을 결합시켜 매머드의 유전자를 가진 복제 배아를 생성한 뒤 대리모 코끼리의 자궁에 옮겨 새끼 매머드를 탄생시킬 계획이다.

지난 1997년부터 시작된 이번 연구는 시베리아의 얼어붙은 땅에서 3회에 걸친 발굴조사를 통해 매머드의 피부와 근육 조직을 얻었다. 하지만 당시 세포핵의 대부분이 얼음결정으로 굳어져 사용할 수 없어 이 계획은 연기됐었다.

그러나 2008년 일본 이화학연구소(리켄) 발생ㆍ재생 과학종합 연구센터(고베시)의 와카야마 데루히코 박사가 16년간 죽은 상태로 냉동된 생쥐의 세포에서 복제생쥐를 탄생시키는 데 세계 최초로 성공했다.

이리타니 교수 연구팀은 이 기술을 기반으로 압축조직에 2~3% 포함된 양질의 세포핵을 손상없이 추출하는 기술을 개발했다.

매머드의 복제 배아 생성에 성공하면, 동물 체외수정은 미야시타 교수와 미국 연구팀이 맡아 대리모인 아프리카 코끼리로 이식하게 된다. 순조롭게 진행된다면 5~6년 뒤 매머드 새끼의 탄생을 기대할 수 있다고 연구팀은 전했다.

이리타니 교수는 “복제 배아가 된다면 자궁이식 전에 사육 및 공개 방식을 논의할 필요가 있다. 탄생 후 생태와 유전자를 자세히 조사하고, 멸종 이유 등의 연구를 진행시키고 싶다.”고 말했다.
 
LG
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