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Fri, March 31, 2023 | 15:47
Foreign Affairs
Iran president opposes North Korea's nuke program
한·이란, 경제 외교로 잃어버린 100억 달러 교역 찾는다
Posted : 2016-05-02 14:55
Updated : 2016-05-02 22:16
Kang Seung-woo
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By Kang Seung-woo

President Park Geun-hye talks with her Iranian counterpart Hassan Rouhani during a welcoming ceremony for Park held at the Saadabad Palace in Tehran, Monday. / Yonhap
President Park Geun-hye talks with her Iranian counterpart Hassan Rouhani during a welcoming ceremony for Park held at the Saadabad Palace in Tehran, Monday. / Yonhap
President Park Geun-hye talks with her Iranian counterpart Hassan Rouhani during a welcoming ceremony for Park held at the Saadabad Palace in Tehran, Monday. / Yonhap
Iranian President Hassan Rouhani said after a summit with President Park Geun-hye in Tehran, Monday, that he supports denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, indicating that he opposes North Korea's nuclear weapons program.

On the sidelines of the summit, the two countries signed 66 memoranda of understanding that could lead to contracts worth $37.1 billion to revitalize Iran's economy, stunted by international sanctions.

The summit was the first meeting between leaders of the two nations since they established diplomatic relations in 1962.

"We want changes on the Korean Peninsula and we are, in principle, opposed to any nuclear development," Rouhani said in a joint press conference with Park at Saadabad Palace.

"Our basic principle is that there should be no nuclear weapons on the Korean Peninsula or in the Middle East."

The apparent Iranian opposition to North Korea's nuclear ambitions came as the Kim Jong-un regime is expected to carry out a fifth nuclear test around its Seventh Workers' Party Congress starting Friday.

Park said she had explained Seoul's position on the North Korean nuclear issue to the Iranian president.

"Stressing the need to fully implement the latest United Nations sanctions on the North for its recent nuclear test, I asked for Iranian cooperation," Park said later.

The President's trip to Iran has drawn extra significance as the country has maintained close relations with North Korea, especially in the development of nuclear materials.

Park has urged Pyongyang to follow in Tehran's footsteps in curbing its nuclear activities and joining the international community. In July last year, Iran reached a landmark deal with world powers to rein in its nuclear program and sanctions were lifted in January.

Park Won-gon, an international relations professor at Handong University, said President Rouhani's statement could deal a major blow to the North.

Middle East diplomacy put to test
2016-05-02 16:36  |  Foreign Affairs

"It is significant given that North Korea and Iran are assumed to have been cooperating on the development of nuclear weapons and missiles," he said.

"But his comment means Iran will not work with North Korea anymore and it may be a bitter blow to the country."

In order to make the most of her rare visit to Iran to resolve the North Korean nuclear issue, President Park also met with Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, who is a former president and considered Iran's most powerful figure.

While seeking Iran's cooperation on improving security on the Korean Peninsula, President Park also produced a solid economic performance.

According to the presidential office, the estimated amount from the 66 agreements signed is the biggest economic achievement won by the Park administration in a single country, raising expectations that they may return bilateral economic cooperation to the level they were before sanctions were imposed.

The trade volume between Korea and Iran stood at $6.1 billion in 2015, compared to $17.4 billion in 2011.

The MOUs also include a $10 billion project by a Korean consortium to build facilities in the southern Iranian port city of Bandar Jask.

"We have agreed to strategically change bilateral trade relations and I hope the trade volume between the two countries will triple," Rouhani said.

"We have agreed to open direct flights between the two nations with hopes for cooperation in tourism."

He also hoped that a number of Korean companies, including banks, will operate in Iran.

Since the lifting of international sanctions in January, the Middle Eastern country has emerged as a land of opportunity due to its abundant resources and planned large-scale infrastructure development projects to rebuild its economy hurt by decades of sanctions.

To this end, Park arrived in Tehran with Korea's largest-ever business delegation, comprised of 236 business people and representatives of economic organizations, seeking to explore new business opportunities there.

"We also discussed ways to expand cooperation in the fields of power plants, railroads and ports as well as infrastructure and energy," Park said.

Meanwhile, the two leaders adopted a joint statement as part of bilateral efforts to improve relations between the two nations over the long term.




한·이란, 경제 외교로 잃어버린 100억 달러 교역 찾는다

'수출 절벽 마주한 국내 기업, 이란 시장으로 돌파구 찾아야'
기업은 이란 인프라 시장 진출하고 정부는 금융·무역 제도로 뒷받침

한·이란 정상회담을 계기로 양국의 경제 교류가 정상화 되면 급감하던 한국과 이란의 교역 규모도 많이 늘어날 전망이다.

2011년만 해도 한국은 이란에 60억7천만 달러어치를 수출하고 113억6천만 달러어치를 수입했다. 교역 규모만 174억3천만 달러였다. 하지만 국제사회의 이란 제재로 양국의 교역 규모는 지난해 61억2천만 달러에 그쳤고, 수출은 37억9천만 달러에 머물렀다.

양국은 이번 정상회담을 통해 양국간 교역도 정상화 돼 예전 수준을 회복하는 것은 물론 이른 시일 내 과거 수준을 넘어 설 것으로 기대하고 있다.

특히 한국 정부는 이란의 에너지 사업이나 사회간접자본(SOC) 재건 사업에 한국 기업들이 참여해 저유가로 어려움을 겪고 있는 건설사나 조선사들의 해외 진출 시장에도 활력을 찾을 것으로 기대하고 있다.

이란 정부도 한국으로의 석유와 가스 수출을 통해 조기에 교역이 회복될 것을 기대하고 있다.



◇ 건설·조선사, 371억 달러 이란 인프라 사업 진출해 수주절벽 타계

이란과의 경제협력으로 한국 정부가 가장 크게 기대하는 것은 저유가로 어려움을 겪고 있는 국내 건설사와 조선사들의 해외 수주절벽을 극복하는 데 도움이 되는 것이다.

국토교통부에 따르면 지난해 한국 건설사들의 해외 수주액은 461억 달러로 전년 대비 70% 수준이었다. 저유가의 영향으로 중동발 건설 수주가 많이 줄어들어서다.

그러나 이란의 인프라 시장이 열리면서 한국 건설사들도 수혜를 입을 것이란 전망이다.

당장 이번 정상회담을 통해 국토교통부와 이란 도로도시부는 철도와 도로, 공항, 항만, 수자원 등 인프라 협력 분야와 관련해 8건, 116억 달러 규모의 사업에 참여를 추진하는 업무협약(MOU)을 체결했다.

특히 53억 달러 규모의 이스파한-아와즈 철도건설사업은 이번 정상방문을 계기로 가계약을 체결해 수출 가능성이 커졌다. 10억 달러 규모의 테헤란 쇼말 고속도로 건설 사업도 MOU 체결로 사업 추진이 구체화 되고 있다고 정부는 분석한다.

석유·가스·전력 등 에너지 재건 사업은 인프라 건설 사업보다 규모가 더 크다. 이란은 세계적 에너지 국가 도약을 위해 2025년까지 5천억 달러의 투자 목표를 세우고 있다.

이란 정부는 2020년까지 석유사업(950억 달러), 석유화학산업(800억 달러), 천연가스산업(100억 달러)에 총 1천850억 달러를 투자하겠다고 발표한 상태다.

이를 위해 산업부와 이란 석유부는 양국 간 석유·가스 교역확대, 플랜트·인프라 분야에서 포괄적 협력을 위한 MOU를 체결했다.

정부는 총 100억 달러 규모의 바흐만 정유시설과 15억 달러 규모의 이란-오만 해저 파이프라인 건설 등 총 9건, 178억 달러 규모의 사업에서 수주 가능성이 커진 것으로 보고 있다.

?산업부와 에너지부는 전력·에너지신산업에서 협력하기로 해 박티하리 수력발전소 사업 등 발전회사들의 이란 진출 가능성도 커졌다.

이 밖에도 정부는 제약이나 의료기기 등 의료 시장과 정보통신기술(ICT), 과학기술협력, 한류를 통한 문화산업 진출도 확대될 것으로 기대하고 있다.

오정근 건국대 특임교수는 '수출의 큰 돌파구가 될 수 있다'며 '올해 대중 수출이 최대 300억 달러까지 감소할 것으로 예측되는데, 이를 상당 부분 보완할 수 있을 것'이라며 긍정적인 평가를 했다.



◇ 교역확대 위한 세관·금융 지원도 뒷받침

양국의 교역확대를 위해 금융 무역 제도도 뒷받침하기로 했다.

우선 경제제재로 중단됐던 해운협정을 20년 만에 체결, 선박 운항 및 영업자유 보장 등을 통해 양국 교역을 촉진키로 했다.

한국과 이란의 관세청은 세관상호지원협정을 맺었다. 양국의 세관 당국이 협력하기로 한 분야는 불법·부정무역 단속, 세관 현대화, 기타 상호행정지원 등이다.

관세청 관계자는 '협정 체결로 양국 세관 당국 간 협력 관계가 구축되고 이란의 세관 행정 현대화를 통해 우리 기업의 교역이 더 원활해질 것'으로 기대했다.

이와 함께 불법·부정 무역에 대한 단속 공조로 비정상적인 무역 형태도 정상화될 것으로 관세청은 기대하고 있다.

원화결제시스템인 양국의 결제 시스템도 유로화 결제를 위한 시스템구축을 위해 긴밀히 협력하기로 했다. 현재 한국과 이란은 이란중앙은행을 가운데 두고 원화 계좌와 이란의 리얄화 계좌를 활용한 간접 결제 시스템만 유지하고 있다.

수출입은행과 무역보험은 이란에 진출하려는 기업들을 위해 금융지원으로 뒷받침한다는 계획이다. 수은과 무보는 이란중앙은행, 경제재정부 등과 약정을 체결 맺고 우리 기업 수주용으로 총 250억 달러의 금융지원을 제공하기로 했다.

금융위원회, 금융감독원과 이란의 중앙은행은 양국의 금융감독정보 분야에서 협력하기로 했고 양국의 금융정보분석원은 자금세탁방지를 위해 협력하기로 했다.

산업은행도 이란중앙은행과 금융·산업정보를 공유하고 협력을 강화하기로 했으며, 우리은행은 국내 은행 최초로 이란에 사무소를 설치하기로 했다.

홍준표 현대경제연구원 연구위원은 '정부나 국책은행은 유로화 결제 시스템구축이나 금융지원 등 양국이 맺은 협약이 실제로 이행될 수 있도록 후속 조치에 충실해야 한다'며 '기업들도 새로 열리는 이란 시장에서 경쟁력을 갖출 수 있도록 기술과 연구개발에 투자해 이란을 돌파구로 삼아야 한다'고 말했다. (연합뉴스)
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