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Sun, March 26, 2023 | 01:23
-------------------------
Korea NEET rate 3rd highest among OECD countries
韓 청년 구직단념자 비중 높다…OECD 33개국 중 3위
Posted : 2015-08-04 17:51
Updated : 2015-08-04 19:03
Lee Kyung-min
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By Lee Kyung-min

Fifteen percent of young Korean adults aged between 15 and 29 are jobless and not searching for work, according to a report by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Tuesday.

This the third highest figure among 33 OECD members surveyed.

Such young people are often referred to as NEETs, short for those Not in Education, Employment or Training.

According to the report, Korea's ratio of NEETs was 15.6 percent as of 2013, and only Turkey and Mexico had higher ratios, 24.9 percent and 18.5 percent, respectively.

The OECD average was 8.2 percent.

Korea was followed by Italy, Hungary, the United States and Israel with 14.4 percent, 11.3 percent, 10.8 percent and 10 percent.

Japan's figure was 4.6 percent, and Greece, 6.7 percent. Luxembourg reported the lowest rate with 2.6 percent.

Experts say Korea has such a high ratio partly because of the poor quality of jobs available.

In a separate study by Hyundai Research Institute earlier this year, many NEETs fell into their situation after having part-time jobs with less than a one-year contract.

"The government tends to focus only on increasing the number of jobs instead of their quality or stability. If that stance does not change, the situation will not improve," a researcher at the institute said.

"Such young people will have delayed employment, and thus financial pressure will delay marriage and childbirth, resulting in other social problems."

In a related report by Statistics Korea last month, the number of jobless young people aged between 20 and 29 reached an all-time high at 410,000.

It also showed that many young people had to take poor quality jobs on short-term contracts for minimum wage. More than 34 percent chose part-time jobs as their first form of employment, which ended after an average of 14.6 months.


韓 청년 구직단념자 비중 높다…OECD 33개국 중 3위

한국의 청년 인구에서 교육·훈련을 받지 않으면서 구직 의욕마저 없는 비중이 경제협력개발기구(OECD) 33개국 가운데 3번째로 높은 것으로 나타났다.

4일 OECD에 따르면 한국에서 청년층(15~29세) 가운데 일할 의지가 없고 교육이나 훈련을 받지도 않는 '니트족'(NEET·Not in Education, Employment or Training) 비중은 15.6%(이하 2013년 기준)로 집계됐다.

한국의 니트족 비중은 OECD 회원국의 평균(8.2%)보다 7.4% 포인트 높다.

한국보다 니트족 비중이 높은 나라는 터키(24.9%)와 멕시코(18.5%) 뿐이다.

이탈리아(14.4%), 헝가리(11.3%), 미국(10.8%), 이스라엘(10.0%)은 한국보다 낮은 4~7위다.

아일랜드(9.3%), 호주(9.0%), 뉴질랜드(9.0%), 영국(8.7%), 프랑스(6.8%), 독일(5.6%) 등도 한국보다 니트족 비율이 낮았다.

일본(4.6%)과 스위스(4.5%), 스웨덴(4.4%), 아이슬란드(3.5%)는 청년 인구에서 니트족이 차지하는 비율이 5% 미만이었다.

그리스(6.7%), 스페인(6.6%), 포르투갈(4.7%) 등 재정위기를 겪은 남유럽 국가들도 니트족 비중이 작았다. 대신 이들 국가에서는 일할 의지가 있는 청년 실업자 비율이 높은 편이다.

룩셈부르크가 2.6%로 33개 회원국 가운데 가장 낮았다.

대부분의 회원국에서 니트족의 비중은 2008년 세계 금융위기 이후 크게 높아졌다. 금융위기로 국가 경제가 타격을 받으면서 일자리가 줄어들거나 고용의 질이 낮아졌기 때문으로 보인다.

한국에서도 불황에 고용 문턱이 점점 높아지면서 '질 나쁜 일자리'가 늘어나 젊은 층의 구직 의욕도 꺾이고 있다.

현대경제연구원이 올해 초 니트족의 취업 경험을 분석한 결과, 상당수가 질 나쁜 일자리에서 이탈한 것으로 나타났다.

취업 경험이 있어도 1년 이하 계약직(24.6%)이나 일시근로(18.0%) 등을 겪은 비중이 일반 청년 취업자(18.3%·10.8%)보다 훨씬 높게 나타났다. 니트족의 42%는 취업을 해본 적이 전혀 없었다.

미취업기간이 1년 이상인 '장기 니트족'은 42.9%에 이르렀다.

김광석 현대경제연구원 선임연구원은 '미취업기간이 장기화한 청년들은 사회 진입이 지연되고 결혼과 출산에 대한 경제적 부담으로 사회적 문제로 발전할 수 있다'고 말했다.

OECD는 '한국은 비정규직 근로자 비중이 높고 니트족 비율이 상대적으로 높다'며 '청년 실업률은 상대적으로 낮지만 2012년 말 이후 점차 증가 추세에 있는 점도 한국 노동시장이 직면한 도전 과제'라고 설명했다.

OECD의 지적대로 한국의 청년 실업률은 증가세를 보이고 있다.

통계청에 따르면 올해 5월 기준 청년층 실업률은 9.3%로 작년 동기(8.7%)보다 0.6%포인트 올라갔다. 2년 전(7.4%)보다는 약 2%포인트 상승했다.

전체 취업자에서 청년층이 차지하는 비중도 줄어 2000년 23.1%에서 지난해 15.1%로 낮아졌다. (연합뉴스)
Emaillkm@koreatimes.co.kr Article ListMore articles by this reporter
 
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