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Tue, June 6, 2023 | 04:44
Korean Traditions
Neolithic farm field found in Gangwon Province
동아시아 '最古' 밭 유적 강원 고성서 확인
Posted : 2012-06-26 18:43
Updated : 2012-06-26 18:43
Do Je-hae
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This picture shows the remains of a farm land dating back to the Neolithic Age in Goseong, eastern Province of Gangwon. The National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage said that this is the site of a farm land ever disdovered in East Asia / Yonhap

By Do Je-hae

Researchers have found evidence proving that farming took place in Korea 5,000 years ago.

The National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage said Tuesday that archaeological traces presumed to be East Asia's first Neolithic remains of an agricultural field have been found in a northern province.

The discovery in Goseong, Gangwon Province, reveals that prehistoric people who lived on the Korean Peninsula began to cultivate crops during the Neolithic period.

The institute is affiliated with the Cultural Heritage Administration under the Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Sports.

It unveiled two layers of the Neolithic field, dating back to 3600-3000 B.C., during a news briefing, Tuesday. Previously, the oldest farming field located in Korea dated back to the Bronze Age (1500-400 B.C.).

"There has been a presumption that agricultural fields may have existed on the peninsula during the period based on farming-related stone tools and carbonized grain found in remains from the period, but the recent find was the first discovery of traces supporting the presumption," an official with the institute said. "No such evidence has yet to be found in China or Japan."

Researchers found some pottery and an arrowhead made of stone from the field.

In China, it is believed that farming started during the early Neolithic Period, but no evidence has yet to be discovered to support this.

“The latest find enables a more detailed study of Neolithic farming in Korea. Thorough a scientific analysis of the soil, we will be able to learn more about the exact dates of the field and the kind of crops that were cultivated there,” the official said.

Goseong, 466 kilometers east of Seoul, has been an important location for researchers of prehistory of East Asia.

The field unveiled on Tuesday is located in Munam-ri, Goseong, which was previously designated by the government as a historic site after some Neolithic relics were found in 1998. In 2002, researchers discovered prehistoric earthenware, jade earrings, among other items in the area.

동아시아 '最古' 밭 유적 강원 고성서 확인
문암리 유적서 신석기시대 경작 흔적 한반도에서 신석기시대에 이미 밭에서 농작물을 재배했음을 보여주는 경작(耕作) 유구가 강원 고성의 문암리 유적에서 확인됐다고 국립문화재연구소가 26일 말했다. 연구소는 2010년 이래 고성군 죽왕면 문암리 유적(사적 426호) 종합정비사업 일환으로 이곳을 발굴조사한 결과 중국이나 일본에서도 발견된 전례가 없는 동아시아 최초의 신석기시대 밭 유적으로 추정되는 고고학적 흔적을 찾아냈다고 덧붙였다. 신석기시대 유적에서 돌괭이나 뒤지개, 보습, 갈판, 갈돌 등과 같은 농경 관련 석기류와 조, 기장 등의 곡물이 탄화한 상태로 발견된 점을 근거로 밭이 존재했을 가능성을 추정하긴 했지만 이를 구체적으로 증명하는 밭이 확인되기는 이번이 처음이라고 연구소는 말했다. 연구소에 따르면 이 유적에서 발굴된 밭은 크게 상·하 2개 층으로 구분된다. 상층 밭은 전형적인 이랑 밭 형태를 띠지만, 현재까지 한반도 곳곳에서 드러난 청동기시대 밭 형태와 비교할 때 두둑과 고랑 너비가 일정하지 않고 이랑이 나란하게 이어지지 않는 고식(古式) 형태라고 연구소는 덧붙였다. 반면, 그 아래층에서 확인한 밭은 "상층 밭과는 달리 복합 구획을 한 원시적인 모습을 띤다"고 연구소는 말했다. 이 중 하층 밭에서는 신석기시대 중기(기원전 3천600년-기원전 3천년)에 제작됐을 것으로 보는 짧은 빗금무늬 토기 파편과 돌화살촉, 그리고 이 층을 파고 만든 신석기시대 집자리 1기가 확인됨으로써 이 유적은 신석기시대 중기에 속할 것으로 추정된다고 연구소는 덧붙였다. 현재까지 한반도에서 확인된 밭 유적 중에서 청동기시대(기원전 1천500년-기원전 400년)보다 더 올라가는 곳은 없었다. 연구소는 농경과 관련된 더 많은 정보를 수집하고자 유적퇴적 환경 분석, 규산체 분석, 토양미세형태학적 분석 등의 다양한 과학적 분석을 추진 중이라고 말했다. 연구소는 그 일환으로 물체질(water-sieving, water-floatation) 등의 방법으로 이곳에서 재배했을 식물 종류를 확인하는 것은 물론, 더 정확한 유적 연대 결정을 위해 AMS(방사성탄소연대측정)와 OSL(광자극 루미네선스측정) 등의 분석도 시행할 계획이다. (연합뉴스)
Emailjhdo@koreatimes.co.kr Article ListMore articles by this reporter
 
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