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Sun, March 26, 2023 | 01:59
Economy
Economy making shaky recovery
3분기 GDP 전년比 3.2% 성장…5분기만에 최저
Posted : 2014-10-24 18:05
Updated : 2014-10-24 21:35
Yoon Ja-young
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By Yoon Ja-young

Bank of Korea (BOK) Governor Lee Ju-yeol hosted a breakfast meeting Friday for a group of top conglomerate executives to enlist their support for the government's plans to boost the economy.

Lee's efforts could be understood better later in the day when the BOK released economic data showing gross domestic product (GDP) quarterly growth of 3.2 percent from a year earlier - the lowest in five quarters.

Quarter-on-quarter growth was 0.9 percent.

This means that there are no real signs of a significant rebound despite a massive stimulus package from Finance Minister Choi Kyung-hwan.

Most economists agree it will take some time until the economy gets back on a visible recovery track.

Kim Chang-bae, a research fellow at the Korea Economic Research Institute, said the indices only confirmed that the economy was still in poor shape.

"Despite the government's effort to boost the domestic economy, it is still too early to see the effects. External conditions also got worse," he said.

He did expect, however, the economy to improve from next year as the government measures start to take effect.

"The International Monetary Fund (IMF) expects the global economy to be in better shape next year. If we take that as a fact, the Korean economy will also turn for the better," he said.

Kim Jong-su, an economist at Taurus Investment and Securities, noted that consumption has turned toward recovery. He said that exports and facility investments aren't pessimistic either when looking at an overall trend.

"The United States will lead, and the EU will also get better. Exports will then likely pick up, positively affecting the domestic economy."

During the breakfast meeting, BOK Governor Lee urged the CEOs to invest in the economy.

In the meeting, which had CEOs of the country's leading businesses present, including Samsung, Hyundai Motors, Hyosung, POSCO, and Korean Air, Lee said the country's growth is not solid, although it is in better shape compared to other nations.

He added that businesses should lead economic growth, pointing out sluggish investment in Korea after the global financial crisis. "Investment was around 8 percent of GDP last year. In the 2000s, it hovered above 12 percent," he said.

The governor said the central bank cut the key rate to trigger growth, despite concerns over household debt. "It is my earnest wish that the key rate cut will lead to investment," he said.

However, economists say businesses are not likely to increase investment.

"Businesses invest when they have a positive outlook. Now they have more than enough cash. The key rate cut doesn't contribute to corporate investment," Kim at Taurus said.

Kim at the Korea Economic Research Institute added "businesses will be conservative in investment as they still don't have confidence in the economy."

"When you do a survey, most businesses say economic conditions determine their investment. The interest rate doesn't matter," he added.


3분기 GDP 전년比 3.2% 성장…5분기만에 최저

올해 3분기 경제 성장률이 전기 대비 0.9% 성장했다. 정부나 한국은행이 최근에 예상한 수준이다. 

그러나 전년 동기 대비로는 3.2% 성장에 그쳐 5개 분기 만에 최저치다.  

한은이 24일 발표한 '실질 국내총생산(GDP) 속보치'에 따르면 3분기 실질 국내총생산(GDP)은 직전 분기보다 0.9% 증가했다.  

올해 1분기 0.9%에서 세월호 참사의 영향을 받은 2분기에 0.5%로 둔화한 성장률이 다시 1분기 수준의 회복세를 보인 셈이다. 

최경환 경제부총리 겸 기획재정부 장관은 최근 국정감사에서 '회복세가 미약하지만 3분기 성장률은 1분기 수준을 만회할 수 있을 것'이라며 '3분기에는 본격적인 회복 국면에 진입한 것으로 보인다'고 말한 바 있다. 

그러나 3분기의 전년 동기 대비 GDP 증가율 3.2%는 작년 2분기(2.7%) 이후 5개 분기 만에 최저치다. 전년 동기 대비 성장률은 작년 3분기 3.4%, 4분기 3.7%, 올해 1분기 3.9% 등 상승세를 보이다가 2분기(3.5%)부터 둔화됐다. 

결국 2분기의 부진에 따른 기저효과 덕분에 전기 대비로는 증가율이 올해 1분기 수준으로 높아졌지만 전년 동기와 비교하면 그렇지 못한 셈이다.  

부문별로 보면 민간소비는 준내구재와 서비스를 중심으로 전분기보다 1.1% 증가했다.  

이는 작년 3분기(1.2%) 이후 2년 만의 최고 수준이다. 2분기에는 민간소비가 감소세(-0.3%)를 보였다. 

이와 관련, 정영택 한은 경제통계국장은 '세월호 충격의 참사에서 벗어나 회복세라고 할 수 있다'며 '그러나 소비가 활성화됐다고 평가하기는 이르다'고 말했다.  

정부 소비도 2.2% 늘면서 2012년 1분기(2.4%) 이후 가장 높은 증가율을 보여 내수 성장에 크게 기여했다.      

중앙 정부가 재정을 보강한데다 지방 선거로 이연된 지방정부의 재정이 상당 부분 집행된 덕이다. 

건설투자는 부동산 대책으로 미분양 주택이 소화되면서 2분기 0.4%에서 3분기 2.9%로 증가세가 확대됐다.  

지식재산생산물투자(0.6%)도 증가세를 보였다. 

그러나 수출은 LCD와 자동차, 화학제품을 중심으로 전분기보다 2.6% 감소했다. 2008년 4분기(-4.3%) 이후 최대의 하락폭이다. 수출이 마이너스를 나타낸 것도 작년 3분기(-1.1%) 이후 1년 만이다.  

수출 부진의 원인은 엔저를 비롯한 환율 요인에 시장 경쟁(전자·전기)이 심화하면서 가공·중계 무역 등 대기업의 해외 현지 생산을 통한 수출 실적이 악화되고 파업(자동차) 등 특수요인도 가세한 영향이 컸다.  

정 국장은 '중국의 수출 증가세가 둔화하면서 해외생산을 통해 중국에 넘어가는 수출 물량이 줄어드는 상황'이라며 '다만, 통관 기준 수출은 전년 동기 대비 3.9% 늘었다'고 설명했다. 

수입도 전분기보다 0.7% 감소했다.  

설비투자도 비행기 등 운송장비를 중심으로 0.8% 줄었다. 설비투자는 기준금리 인하를 포함한 재정·통화 정책에도 기업들의 투자심리가 회복되지 않으면서 좀처럼 살아나지 않고 있다.  

경제활동별로는 수출의 영향을 크게 받는 제조업이 LCD, 스마트폰을 위주로 0.9% 감소했다. 제조업의 마이너스 성장은 2009년 1분기(-2.4%) 이후 처음이다.  

서비스업은 내수가 미약하나마 회복세를 보인 데 힘입어 도소매, 음식숙박, 금융·보험 등을 중심으로 1.4% 성장했다. 

전기가스 수도업도 원자력 비중이 늘면서 4.7% 증가했고 건설업도 토목건설을 중심으로 1.8% 늘었다. 

국내총소득(GDI)은 교역조건의 악화로 0.3% 증가하는 데 그쳤다. 2012년 2분기(0.2%) 이후 최저 수준이다. (연합뉴스)
Emailyjy@koreatimes.co.kr Article ListMore articles by this reporter
 
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