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Wed, March 29, 2023 | 01:04
Economy
Gov't to cut home acquisition tax rate
'연1%대 저리로 내집 마련'…매매 활성화 전방위 지원
Posted : 2013-08-28 18:45
Updated : 2013-08-28 18:45
Yi Whan-woo
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A woman walks past notice boards for home sales and rent posted by a realtor in Seoul, Wednesday. The government unveiled a package of measures to revitalize home trades and stabilize the real estate market on the same day./ Yonhap
A woman walks past notice boards for home sales and rent posted by a realtor in Seoul, Wednesday. The government unveiled a package of measures to revitalize home trades and stabilize the real estate market on the same day.
/ Yonhap

By Yi Whan-woo


The government has decided to cut acquisition taxes starting next year to revitalize demand for homes and stabilize "jeonse" prices, while expanding income deductions for monthly rental fees.

These are part of measures unveiled by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport Wednesday to support those without homes and stabilize the real estate market amid growing fears over soaring rental costs. These measures are subject to approval by the National Assembly.

Under the new measures, the government will lower home acquisition tax rate to 1 percent from 2 percent for first-time home buyers if their home costs 600 million won ($537,000) or less. For homes worth more than 900 million won, the rate will be lowered to 3 percent from 4 percent. The rate for in-between will remain unchanged at 2 percent.

The government will also introduce a new type of mortgage program, under which home buyers can borrow money from People's Housing Fund at an interest rate of 1 to 2 percent on condition that they can share capital gains and losses with the fund. The fund, set up in 1981 to help those without homes, has around 16 trillion won under management.

Under the new system, the fund can lend up to 70 percent of home values or up to 200 million won for people with annual income less than 700 million won at an annual interest rate of 1.5 percent for those agreeing to share capital gains.

It will supply a total of 33,000 rented homes to those in the low- and middle- income brackets. It will also supply 2,000 unsold housing units owned by state-run Korea Land and Housing Corporation under jeonse contract.

For those paying monthly rent, the government will increase income deductions up to 5 million won.

"Though the tax reduction must be approved by lawmakers before going into effect, we, in principle, expect to see the rates lowered starting next year," a ministry official said.

"We expect these measures to stimulate transactions and turn the demand for rental homes to the demand for house purchases," he added.

The package of measures comes amidst growing concerns that the jeonse market will become more volatile amid sluggish demand for homes ahead of the busiest house-moving season in September.

The Park Geun-hye administration's property market stimulus package on April 1 was designed to revive transactions of real estate by easing tax burdens and restricting the supply of new homes but they turned out to be ineffective.

The number of home sales stood at 39,608 in July, plunging from 129,907 in June when the government's exemption on acquisition taxes for first-time home owners expired. The figure was also down from 56,999 in July last year.

On the other hand, the jeonse price has been soaring. The average cost of renting homes under the jeonse contract here has risen 2.1 percent so far this year until July, and the prices are showing signs of rising faster recently as people prefer renting to buying homes for fear of further falls in home prices

The average jeonse price in the capital area reached up to 61.9 percent of the home values in July. ‘Jeonse is a property rental system unique to Korea under which tenants pay upfront instead of monthly rent. Tenants get the money back when a contract expires.

The ministry expects that the rise could intensify in the September-October period that traditionally has been busiest time of the year for moving homes. The average jeonse price increased by 0.83 percent in September and 0.62 percent in October, respectively, in the past five years.

Experts said the government is on the right track in terms of extra cut on the acquisition tax but showed mixed responses about its effectiveness

"The reduction in such tax can reinvigorate the market, especially among the small housing units," said Park Won-gab, head of Kookmin Bank's real estate team.

Kwon Joo-an a director of the research division at Korea Housing Institute echoed a similar view, although he expressed doubts about the effectiveness.

"Those who buy small housing units such as newly-weds can definitely benefit from the measure," he said. "However, imposing tax on the home owners with expensive houses is based on a progressive tax system, which can deter wealthy people from buying homes."


'연1%대 저리로 내집 마련'…매매 활성화 전방위 지원

수익·손익공유형 모기지 도입…월세 세입자 소득공제 500만원까지 확대
취득세 1~3%로 영구인하…임대차보호법 우선변제금액 확대


10월부터 정부(국민주택기금)와 집값 등락에 따른 손익을 공유하면 연 1~2%대의 파격적인 저리로 국민주택기금에서 주택구입자금을 대출받을 수 있게 된다. 

취득세율은 6억원 이하 1%, 6억~9억원 이하 2%, 9억원 초과는 3%로 영구 인하되고 다주택자에 대한 차등부과도 폐지된다.

또 월세 세입자의 소득공제가 연 500만원까지 확대되고 임차인 보호를 위해 주택임대차보호법상 우선변제권 적용 대상이 보증금 최대 1억원, 우선변제금 3천만원 이상으로 확대된다. 

정부는 서민·중산층 주거안정을 위한 전월세 대책을 마련하고 28일 당정협의를 거쳐 확정, 발표했다.

이번 대책은 전셋값 급등으로 서민 주거불안이 확산하자 국토교통부, 기획재정부, 금융위원회 등이 머리를 맞대 만들었다. 박근혜 대통령이 19일 범정부 차원의 대책마련을 지시한지 9일 만이다. 

대책은 과거 주택공급 확대 위주의 전월세 대책과 달리 금융·세제·공급 지원책을 총망라했다.

정부는 전월세 시장 안정을 위해 전세수요의 매매수요 전환을 확대 지원하면서 전월세 세입자의 부담을 완화해주기로 했다.

주택구입자가 국민주택기금과 투자 손익을 나눌 경우 연 1~2%대의 저리로 주택구입자금을 대출해주는 새로운 방식의 두가지 모기지 상품을 선보인다. 연 3%대의 물가상승률을 감안하면 사실상 '마이너스 금리'나 다름없는 파격적인 혜택이다. 

'수익공유형' 모기지는 주택기금에서 집값의 70%까지 연 1.5%의 금리로 최대 2억원까지 대출해주는 대신 시세차익의 일부를 기금에 귀속해야 한다. '손익공유형' 모기지는 집값의 40%까지 연 1~2%의 금리로 대출하고 주택구입자와 주택기금이 지분율에 따라 매각손익을 공유하는 방식이다. 

정부는 생애최초 주택구입자를 대상으로 올해 안에 수도권과 지방광역시의 아파트 3천가구에 대해 시범사업을 하고 실적 등을 고려해 추가 확대 여부를 결정할 방침이다. 

정부는 올해 2조원 범위내에서 근로자·서민 주택구입자금의 지원 대상을 주거용 오피스텔로 확대하고 대상주택 가액을 6억원으로 확대하는 등 대출 요건과 금리를 생애최초 주택구입자금에 준하는 수준으로 완화하기로 했다.

주택 취득세율은 6억원 이하 주택은 현행 2%에서 1%로, 9억원 초과는 4%에서 3%로 1%포인트씩 낮춘다. 6억 초과~9억원 주택은 2%로 유지한다. 현재는 9억원 이하 1주택자에 한해 2% 감면혜택을 적용하고 있지만 앞으로는 다주택자도 포함된다.

주택금융공사의 장기 고정금리 분할상환 방식의 주택 모기지 공급은 내년까지 24조원 규모로 확대하고 교체수요 지원을 위해 1주택자가 대체주택을 취득할 때도 소득공제 혜택을 제공한다. 

민간 매입임대사업자의 주택구입자금 금리는 연 2.7~3%로 인하하고 대출한도도 최대 1억5천만원까지 확대하는 등 임대사업자에 대한 금융·세제 지원을 대폭 늘린다.

월세 세입자의 주거비 부담 완화를 위해 공제율을 현행 50%에서 60%로 확대하고 소득공제한도는 연 300만원에서 500만원으로 확대한다. 

'깡통전세'를 지원하기 위해 대한주택보증을 통해 임대인 대신 보증금을 상환하는 전세보증금반환보증 상품도 신설한다.

한국토지주택공사(LH)가 추진중인 매입·전세임대 주택 3만3천가구는 올해 말까지 집중 공급하고, LH가 보유한 준공후 미분양 2천가구도 전세 임대주택으로 활용할 방침이다.

그러나 이번 대책에 야당이 요구하는 전월세 상한제가 포함되지 않았고, 다주택자가 취득세 인하 대상에 포함되면서 국회 통과 과정에서 진통이 예상된다. 

현오석 경제부총리는 정부서울청사에서 열린 브리핑에서 '취득세 영구인하 시행 시기는 국회 결정에 따라야 한다'며 '국회 통과가 매매 활성화에 중요하기 때문에 여당과 긴밀히 협의하고 있다'고 말했다.

현 부총리는 또 새로 도입하는 모기지 상품에 대해 '일단 3천가구로 시작하지만 수요가 많아지면 필요한 기금을 추가로 확보하는 등 확대를 위해 노력할 것'이라고 덧붙였다.

국토부 도태호 주택토지실장은 '이번 대책에 모기지 등 선진 금융기법을 도입해 서민의 주택구입 부담이 크게 완화될 것'이라며 '후반기 주택정책의 주안점을 서민·중산층 전월세 시장 안정에 두고 정책 대응을 강화하겠다'고 밝혔다. 
Emailyistory@koreatimes.co.kr Article ListMore articles by this reporter
 
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