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Sun, September 24, 2023 | 13:12
Business
Over $11 billion spent on hagwon
작년 학원사업자 연 수입 12조원 첫 돌파
Posted : 2012-10-24 16:55
Updated :  
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Hagwon (cram schools and other private learning institutes) exceeded 12 trillion won ($11 billion) in annual revenue last year despite the ongoing economic slump.

By Lee Hyo-sik

Hagwon (cram schools and other private learning institutes) exceeded 12 trillion won ($11 billion) in annual revenue last year despite the ongoing economic slump.

According to the National Tax Service (NTS) Wednesday, about 134,000 private learning institutes were operating across the country in December 2011.

Of them, institutions opened under individual names earned an average of 65 million won a year, totaling 8.56 trillion won, while those registered under corporate names made combined 3.87 trillion won, or an average of 1.78 billion won per establishment.

In total, hagwon operators earned 12.46 trillion won ($11.33 billion) in 2011, up 8 percent from 11.55 trillion won the previous year. This was the first time the revenue figure surpassed 12 trillion won.

According to the tax agency, there are many types of learning institutes, such as cram schools preparing students for university entrance exams, art academies, language institutes and vocational schools.

With cram schools accounting for about 70 percent of all registered privately-run educational institutions, parents here are spending more money in a bid to enable their children to achieve higher scores in university entrance exams and thus enter prestigious schools.

The number of learning institutes established under individual names inched down to 131,874 from 133,579 over the one-year period. But those opened under corporate names soared 20.4 percent to 2,175, meaning hagwon here have become larger in size.

The NTS also found that incorporated private learning institutes have seen their income jump at a faster rate than individually-run ones.

``Income disparities between small and large hagwon have been deepening amid the current economic downturn. Large-sized, incorporated establishments have been able to better weather the slump and make more money,’’ an NTS official said.

About 46.3 percent of institutes opened under corporate names, or 1,008, were registered in Seoul, generating a total of 2.6 billion won.

Additionally, 24,039 individually-run hagwon, or 18.2 percent, operating in the capital city made a combined 2.3 trillion won.

The tax agency said it audited 59 learning institutes last year and imposed back taxes on them totaling 41 billion won.

It said only 73 percent of hagwon were found to have accepted credit cards as a payment tool, with the rest refusing to take plastic from customers in a bid to underreport their earnings.

작년 학원사업자 연 수입 12조원 첫 돌파
사업자 개인 1인당 6천492만원, 법인 17억8천만원 벌어 학원 대형화 추세…5년새 법인 두배 증가 우리나라 학원사업자 13만4천명의 연간 수입이 지난해 처음으로 12조원을 돌파했다. 개인사업자는 연평균 6천492만원, 법인은 17억8천만원을 벌었다. 특히 최근 학원이 법인 형태로 대형화하면서 학원업 법인의 수는 5년새 두배 이상 증가했다. 그러나 학원사업자의 신용카드 가맹률은 70%대에 불과, 소득탈루 개연성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 국세청이 23일 내놓은 '학원 등록업자의 조세납부 현황'을 보면 2011년 개인 학원사업자의 연간 수입은 8조5천614억원, 법인사업자의 수입은 3조8천762억원이다. 이를 더하면 12조4천576억원에 이른다. 2010년 개인ㆍ법인 학원사업자 수입(11조5천479억원)보다 7.9% 늘었다. 학원사업자는 기술계열, 예체능계열, 입시학원, 자동차운전학원, 기타 강습학원으로 구분된다. 전체 학원사업소득 가운데 70%가량을 입시학원 사업자가 차지하는 점을 감안하면 학부모의 사교육비 부담은 해마다 늘고 있다는 얘기다. 개인사업자의 수는 13만1천874명으로 전년(13만3천579명)에 비해 2천명가량 줄었지만 법인 사업자는 1천807명에서 2천175명으로 20.37%나 증가했다. 2006년 개인사업자가 9만1천4명, 법인이 1천4명이었던 점과 비교하면 개인사업자는 5년간 44.9%, 법인은 116.6%나 늘었다. 사업자별로는 법인의 소득증가폭이 더 컸다. 개인사업자의 수입은 2006년 1인당 6천394만원에서 2011년 6천492만원으로 큰 차이가 없었지만, 법인은 업체당 13억5천만원에서 17억8천216만원으로 수입이 증가했다. 법인사업자는 서울에, 개인사업자는 지방에 몰려있다. 서울에 있는 법인 학원사업자는 1천8명(전체의 46.3%), 총수입액은 2조6천10억(67.1%)이다. 이에 반해 서울의 개인학원업자는 2만4천39명(18.2%), 수입은 2조3천42억원(26.9%)이다. 1인당 수입은 서울지역이 압도적으로 많았다. 서울의 학원 법인 수입은 1곳당 25억8천만원으로 가장 벌이가 적은 대전ㆍ충청(6억6천600만원)의 4배가 넘었다. 개인학원업자도 서울지역이 1인당 9천585만원을 벌어 대구ㆍ경북(4천645만원)의 두배 이상이었다. 작년 학원사업자의 현금영수증 발급금액은 1조7천810억원으로 1년전(1조8천60억원)보다 줄었지만, 신용카드 수납액은 8조5천460억원으로 1년새 1조원가량 증가했다. 현금영수증 발급액과 신용카드 수납액을 더한 액수는 10조3천270억원이다. 그러나 학원 사업자의 신용카드 가맹률(73%)은 아직 70%대에 그쳐 소득탈루 가능성이 적지 않다. 실제 국세청은 작년 학원 사업자 59명을 조사해 407억원을 추징했다. 사업자당 부과세액이 7억5천만원에 이른다.(연합뉴스)
Emailleehs@koreatimes.co.kr Article ListMore articles by this reporter
 
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