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  Learning Times > TOEIC/TOEFL > TOEFL
 
  Date : 2011-08-05
3-D Cinematography
 
  ÃÖ±Ù ¿µÈ­°è¿¡¼­ °¢±¤¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î 3D¿µÈ­ÀÌ´Ù. 1922³â¿¡ ÃÖÃÊ·Î »ó¾÷¿ë 3D¿µÈ­°¡ µîÀåÇß°í, 1950³âµµ¿¡¼­ 1960³âµµ±îÁö´Â °¢±¤À» ¹Þ´Ù°¡ ħü±â¸¦ Áö³ª, 21¼¼±â¿¡ µé¾î¼­ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ±â¼úÀÇ ¹ß´Þ·Î »õ·Î¿î ½Ã´ë¸¦ ¿­¾î °¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. 3D ¿µÈ­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅäÇà Áö¹®Àº ¾ÆÁ÷ ÃâÁ¦µÇÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ ´º ¼¼Æ®°¡ ÀÚÁÖ µîÀåÇÏ´Â Ãß¼¼À̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ÃֽŠƮ·»µå¿¡ ¸ÂÃç¼­ ´ëºñÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù.
 
James Cameron¡¯s 2009 science fiction-adventure film Avatar holds the all-time record for box office receipts and became the first film ever to gross more than $2 billion. It received warm reviews and nine Academy Award nominations, winning three. But more integral to its success than critical acclaim was word-of-mouth about its stunning visual effects. Avatar was almost single-handedly responsible for the revival of 3-D films. Since its release, 3-D has swept the film industry. Among the 3-D hits now in theaters are Kung Fu Panda 2, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2, and Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides. More are eagerly anticipated, including next year¡¯s The Amazing Spiderman and the action-comedy Stretch Armstrong.
 
There are various techniques for projecting 3-D images, but they all rely on the same basic principle: stereoscopy. This term refers to the imitation of normal human depth perception by simultaneously presenting two images from slightly different perspectives¡ªone from the left eye and one from the right. When viewed through special glasses, the two are fused by the brain into one three-dimensional image. Successfully watching a movie in 3-D requires that the two offset images be separated so that each eye views only one of them. The earliest 3-D films accomplished this through the use of glasses with two different-colored lenses, usually red and blue.
 
Stereoscopy is an old invention: the first commercial showing of a 3-D film took place in Los Angeles in 1922. But the idea did not truly catch on until 1952. That year saw the release of Bwana Devil, which marked the beginning of what is now considered 3-D¡¯s ¡°golden age.¡± In the next three years, Hollywood produced over fifty major 3-D productions. During this era, light polarization replaced color filtering as the standard method of producing 3-D images. Every light wave has an accompanying electric field, which may rotate in either a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. This direction is the wave¡¯s polarity. Each lens in polarized 3-D glasses lets in light of one polarity while blocking the other, producing a stereoscopic image. This remains the
prevailing technique for 3-D movie projection today.
 
However, that is not to say that the genre has failed to progress technologically. The 3-D movies of yesteryear required shooting every scene with two film cameras from slightly different angles, and then running the two filmstrips simultaneously on two theater projectors. The added trouble and expense helps explain why Hollywood quickly cooled to 3-D in the late 1950s. But times have changed: Avatar was shot with a single digital 3-D camera that Cameron himself helped develop. As a result of such advances, 3-D movies are only about fifteen percent more expensive to make than their 2-D counterparts¡ªand they take in triple the box office receipts.
 
Some in the movie industry are less than enthusiastic about the trend. ¡áThey warn that filmmakers might be tempted to compromise artistic quality in order to benefit from the 3-D craze. ¡á But in the right film, the technology adds immeasurably to the viewing experience. ¡áIt places the viewer in the action, creating the feeling that one can participate in the movie rather than simply watch it. ¡áSo no one should be surprised that Cameron is planning two sequels to Avatar, and that they are expected to be blockbusters.
 
1. Which of the following is NOT correct, according to paragraph 3?
(A) The technique for producing 3-D images changed in the 1950s.
(B) 3-D movies using polarization require special glasses.
(C) The film Bwana Devil was released in 1952.
(D) Stereoscopy was first introduced in the 1950s.
 
TIPS : 3¹øÂ° ´Ü¶ô¿¡¼­ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ »ó¾÷¿ë 3D ¿µÈ­´Â 1922³â LA¿¡¼­ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú´Ù°í ³ª¿ÍÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î, (D)°¡ Á¤´äÀÌ´Ù.
 
2. Based on the information in paragraph 4, it can be inferred that
(A) greater profitability contributed to the 3-D revival
(B) 3-D filmmaking technology has stopped advancing
(C) the ¡°golden age¡± of 3-D lasted well into the 1960s
(D) showing Avatar requires two film projectors
 
TIPS : 4¹øÂ° ´Ü¶ô¿¡¼­ ºñ¿ë ´ëºñ ¼öÀÔÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ´Ã¾ú´Ù´Â ³»¿ëÀÌ ³ª¿À¹Ç·Î, ±×°ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î 3D »ê¾÷ÀÇ ºÎȰ¿¡ °øÇåÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» À¯ÃßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
 
3.Look at the four squares [¡á] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
 
It is true that certain genres, such as subtle psychological thrillers, may not naturally lend themselves to 3-D.
 
Where would the sentence best fit?
 
TIPS : ù ¹øÂ° ³×¸ð°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹®ÀåÀº3D·ÎºÎÅÍ À̵æÀ» ³»±â À§ÇØ ¿¹¼ú¼ºÀ» ¾çº¸ÇÏ´Â ¿µÈ­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ëÀ̹ǷΠ±×°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ Áø¼úÀÌ ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°Ô À̾îÁö´Â 2¹øÂ° ³×¸ð¿¡ À§ÀÇ ¹®ÀåÀÌ µé¾î°¡¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
 
Á¤´ä1. D, 2. A, 3. 2¹øÂ°³×¸ð
 
 
ÇØ¼®
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3D ¿µ»óÀ» Åõ¿µÇÏ´Â µ¥´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ±â¼úµéÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ±×µéÀº ¸ðµÎ ¶È °°Àº ±âº» ¿ø¸® Áï ÀÔü¿µ»ó¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÔü¿µ»óÀº¡ª¿ÞÂÊ ´«¿¡ Çϳª ±×¸®°í ¿À¸¥ÂÊ ´«¿¡ Çϳª·Î¡ª¾à°£ ´Ù¸¥ ½Ã°¢ÀÇ µÎ ¿µ»óÀ» µ¿½Ã¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³¿À¸·Î½á Àΰ£ÀÇ Á¤»óÀûÀÎ °Å¸®°¨°¢À» ¸ð¹æÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Ư¼ö¾È°æÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© º¸¸é, µÎ ¿µ»óÀº ³ú¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÇϳªÀÇ »ïÂ÷¿øÀû ¿µ»óÀ¸·Î À¶ÇյȴÙ. 3D ¿µÈ­¸¦ ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î º¸·Á¸é µÎ °³ÀÇ ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¿µ»óµéÀÌ ºÐ¸®µÇ¾î °¢°¢ÀÇ ´«ÀÌ ±×µé °¡¿îµ¥ Çϳª¸¸ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÃÖÃÊÀÇ 3D ¿µÈ­µéÀº µÎ °³ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ºû±ò¡ªº¸Åë »¡°­°ú ÆÄ¶û¡ª·»Áî·Î µÈ ¾È°æÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀÌ ÀÏÀ» ÀÌ·ç¾î³Â´Ù. °¢ ·»Áî´Â ÇÑ ¿µ»ó¸¸ Åë°úÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ°í ´Ù¸¥ ¿µ»óÀº °É·¯³Â´Ù.
 
ÀÔü¿µ»óÀº ¿À·¡µÈ ¹ß¸íǰÀÌ´Ù: 3D ¿µÈ­ÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ »ó¾÷Àû »ó¿µÀº 1922³â ·Î½º¾ØÁ©·¹½º¿¡¼­ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±× ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î´Â 1952³â¿¡ À̸£µµ·Ï À¯ÇàµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±× ÇØ¿¡ ºê¿Í³ªµ¥ºôÀÌ °³ºÀµÇ¾ú´Âµ¥, ±×°ÍÀº ÇöÀç 3D Ȳ±Ý½Ã´ë¶ó°í °£ÁֵǴ ¹ÙÀÇ È¿½Ã¿´´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ 3³â µ¿¾È, ÇÒ¸®¿ìµå´Â 50°³°¡ ³Ñ´Â Áß¿äÇÑ 3D Á¦ÀÛÀ» Çß´Ù. ÀÌ ½Ã±â µ¿¾È¿¡, Æí±¤ÀÌ 3D ¿µ»óÀÇ Ç¥ÁØ Á¦ÀÛ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î »ö»ó °É·¯³»±â¸¦ ´ëüÇß´Ù. °¢°¢ÀÇ ±¤ÆÄ´Â ±×¿Í µ¿¹ÝÇÏ´Â Àü±âÀåÀ» °®´Âµ¥, ±×°ÍÀº ½Ã°è ¹æÇâÀ̳ª ½Ã°è ¹Ý´ë ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ȸÀüÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹æÇâÀÌ ÆÄµ¿ÀÇ ±Ø¼ºÀÌ´Ù. Æí±¤È­µÈ 3D ¾È°æÀÇ °¢°¢ÀÇ ·»Áî´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ±Ø¼ºÀ» °¡Áø ºûÀ» Åë°ú½ÃŰ°í ´Ù¸¥ °ÍÀº Â÷´ÜÇÏ¿© ÀÔüÀû ¿µ»óÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³½´Ù. À̰ÍÀÌ ¿À´Ã³¯ 3D ¿µÈ­ Åõ¿µÀÇ º¸ÆíÀû ±â¼úÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
 
±×·¯³ª ±× À帣°¡ ±â¼úÀûÀ¸·Î ¹ßÀüÇϴµ¥ ½ÇÆÐÇß´Ù´Â ¸»Àº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Áö³­ ½Ã±âÀÇ 3D ¿µÈ­µéÀº ¾à°£ ´Ù¸¥ °¢µµ¿¡¼­ µÎ °³ÀÇ ¿µÈ­ Ä«¸Þ¶ó·Î °¢ Àå¸éÀ» Âï¾î¼­, µÎ Çʸ§À» µÎ °³ÀÇ ¿µ»ç±â·Î µ¿½Ã¿¡ »ó¿µÇØ¾ß Çß¾ú´Ù. Ãß°¡Àû ¾î·Á¿ò°ú °æºñ´Â ¿Ö ÇÒ¸®¿ìµå°¡ 1950³â´ë ¸»¿¡ 3D¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °ð ³Ã´ãÇØÁ³´ÂÁö¸¦ ¼³¸íÇϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀ» ÁØ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ½Ã´ë°¡ º¯Çß´Ù: Avatar´Â Cameron ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ °³¹ß¿¡ µµ¿òÀ» ÁØ µðÁöÅÐ 3D Ä«¸Þ¶ó ÇÑ´ë·Î Âï¾ú´Ù. ±×·± ¹ßÀüÀÇ °á°ú·Î 3D ¿µÈ­´Â 2D ¿µÈ­º¸´Ù ºñ¿ëÀÌ ´ÜÁö ¾à 15% ´õ µé »ÓÀª¸ÅÇ¥¼Ò ¼öÀÔÀº ¼¼ ¹èÀÌ´Ù.
 
¿µÈ­»ê¾÷ÀÇ ¾î¶² À̵éÀº ±× Ãß¼¼¿¡ ¿­¼ºÀûÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ¡á±×µéÀº ¿µÈ­Á¦ÀÛÀÚµéÀÌ 3D À¯Çà¿¡¼­ À̵æÀ» ³»±â À§ÇÏ¿© ¿¹¼ú¼ºÀ» ¾çº¸ÇÏ°í ½Í¾îÁú ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó°í °æ°íÇÑ´Ù. ¡á±×·¯³ª ÁÁÀº ¿µÈ­¿¡¼­´Â, ±â¼úÀÌ ½Ãû°æÇè¿¡ Çì¾Æ¸± ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µµ¿òÀ» ÁØ´Ù. ¡á±×°ÍÀº °ü°´À» ÇൿÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ¿© ¿µÈ­¸¦ ´Ü¼øÈ÷ º»´Ù±âº¸´Ù´Â Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ´À³¦À» ¸¸µé¾î³½´Ù. ¡á±×·¡¼­ CameronÀÌ Avatar ¼ÓÆíÀ» µÎ °³ ¸¸µç´Ù´Âµ¥ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¾Æ¹«µµ ³î¶óÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×°ÍµéÀº ´ë¼º°øÀÛÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëµÈ´Ù.
 
¾îÈÖ
 
acclaim ­ v. μÛÇÏ´Ù / To praise someone or something publicly
fuse ­ v. ³ìÀÌ´Ù, À¶ÇÕ½ÃŰ´Ù / To combine different qualities, ideas, or things, or to be combined
stereoscopy ­ n. ÀÔü ¿µ»ó / The viewing or appearance of objects in or as if in three dimensions
polarization ­ n. Æí±¤, ºÐ±ØÈ­ / Dividing into clearly separate groups with opposite beliefs and ideas
projection ­ n. (Åõ»çµÈ)¿µ»ó / The act of projecting a film or picture onto a screen
filmstrip ­ n. ½½¶óÀ̵å Çʸ§ / A photographic film that shows photographs, pictures etc one at a time, not as moving pictures
counterpart ­ n. »ó´ë / Someone or something that has the same job or purpose as someone or something else in a different place
compromise ­ n. ŸÇù, ÀýÃæ / An agreement that is achieved after everyone involved accepts less than what they wanted at first, or the act of making this agreement
craze ­ n. ´ëÀ¯Çà, ¿­Ç³ / Something that becomes very popular for a short time
sequel ­ n. ¼ÓÆí / A book, film, play etc that continues the story of an earlier one, usually written or made by the same person.

 
ÄÄÆÛ½º ¹Ìµð¾î toefl@compasspub.com
 

 
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