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  Learning Times > TOEIC/TOEFL > TOEFL
 
  Date : 2011-07-29
Atlantis ¡ª final flight
 
  Crowds cheered the successful landing of the space shuttle Atlantis on June 21, 2011, but the celebration was bittersweet. The mission, during which the four crew members delivered a year¡¯s worth of supplies to the International Space Station (ISS), was the 135th and final flight of the shuttle program. The end has been in sight since 2004, when President George W. Bush directed NASA to phase out the shuttle and aim for a manned trip to the moon instead. (President Barack Obama has since changed the goal to Mars.) Bush¡¯s decision followed mounting criticism of the program¡¯s costs, as well as two tragic disasters that resulted in the loss of fourteen astronauts and two shuttles. American crew members will continue to help restock and maintain the station, but from now on they will rely on Russian Soyuz capsules to get there.
 
¡áFull of nostalgic tributes to the shuttle program¡¯s accomplishments, mediacoverage of the final mission also focused on certain items of interest onboard Atlantis. ¡áTwo Apple iPhone 4s loaded with a custom-designed app called SpaceLab will aid the station¡¯s resident crew in various scientific experiments, including one which observes the effects of space travel on the phones themselves. ¡áThe shuttle also carried a Samsung Nexus S, programmed to enhance the capabilities of the small satellites that connect the station with ground control. With the aid of the Nexus, these satellites, also known as Synchronized Position Hold, Engage, Reorient Experimental Satellites (SPHERES), will now be equipped with cameras and WiFi connections. ¡áBut these items were purely practical. On a more sentimental note, British crew member Piers Sellers borrowed an item from a museum to bring along for the ride¡ªa four-inch piece of wood from the apple tree that is said to have inspired Isaac Newton¡¯s theory of gravity.The significance of Sellers¡¯s gesture is clear: the space shuttle was a triumph over gravity.
 
For thirty years, the shuttle program had captured the world¡¯s imagination with a series of historic firsts. The first shuttle launched into space, Columbia, was the first reusable spacecraft and much more complex than any that preceded it. Missions by Columbia and its successors¡ªDiscovery,Endeavour, and Atlantis¡ªwere integral to the construction of the first international space station. But some of Atlantis¡¯sglories were all its own. On its thirtieth flight in 1989, it launched the world¡¯s first interplanetary probe, Magellan, to Venus. Six years later it performed an unprecedented docking with the Russian space station Mir. Its crew awed the world again in 2009 with a series of spacewalks to repair and upgrade the Hubble telescope, enabling it to capture even more spectacular images of the universe. Now the Atlantis will be remembered as the last shuttle as well.
 
Only two other space shuttles remain intact: Discovery and Endeavour. Like them, Atlantis will become a museum exhibit; plans are in place to display it at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. It will be suspended in the air in front of a rotating model of the earth, as if it is in perpetual orbit.
 
1. Based on the information in paragraph 1, it can be inferred that the space shuttle program ended because
(A) it had accomplished all its goals
(B) it was viewed as seriously flawed
(C) the US lost interest in space exploration
(D)the ISS had become a suitable replacement
 
TIPS:¡°Bush¡¯s decision~¡± À¸·Î ½ÃÀ۵Ǵ ¹®Àå¿¡¼­ º¸¸é ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖµíÀÌ, ³ôÀº ºñ¿ë°ú À§Ç輺ÀÌ ¿ìÁÖ °èȹÀ» Áß´ÜÇÏ°Ô µÈ Å« ¿øÀÎÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëµÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
 
2. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
(A) Another impressive mission involved improving the Hubble telescope through spacewalks, so that it could record better images than ever.
(B) People were awed by the crew after it made important improvements to the Hubble telescope, which is designed to record images of the universe.
(C) The Atlantis was able to record inspiring images of the universe on a 2009 mission to make spacewalks and upgrade the Hubble telescope.
(D) The Atlantis crew also used the Hubble telescope to perform spacewalks and capture unique images in 2009.
 
TIPS: ÇÏÀ̶óÀÌÆ® µÈ ¹®ÀåÀº, ¼±ÀåÀÌ ¿ìÁÖ À¯¿µÀ» Çϸ鼭 ¼¼»óÀ» ³î¶ó°Ô ÇÏ¿´°í, HubbleÀ̶ó´Â ¿ìÁÖ ¸Á¿ø°æÀ» °»½ÅÇÏ¿© ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ´õ ¸ÚÁø ±¤°æÀ» ÂïÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù´Â ³»¿ëÀ̹ǷΠ(B) °¡ ÀûÀýÇÏ´Ù.
 
3. Look at the four squares [¡á] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
For the first time, smart phones were among the equipment delivered to the ISS.
Where would the sentence best fit?
TIPS: ù ¹øÂ° ³×¸ð°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹®ÀåÀº ±× ´Ü¶ôÀÇ ÁÖÁ¦¹®ÀÌ µÇ¹Ç·Î ºÎÀûÀýÇϸç, ¾ÆÀÌÆù°ú ³Ø¼­½º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼¼ºÎ ¼³¸íÀÌ µé¾î°¡±â Àü¿¡ µé¾î °¡¾ß È帧 »ó ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿ì¹Ç·Î, µÎ ¹øÂ° ³×¸ð¿¡ µé¾î°¡¾ß ÀûÀýÇÏ´Ù.
 
Á¤´ä 1.B, 2.B, 3.2¹ø ° ³×¸ð

[Àü¹® ÇØ¼® ¹× ÁÖ¿ä ¾îÈÖ]
AtlantisÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· ºñÇà
2011³â 6¿ù 21ÀÏ, ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¿ìÁÖ¿Õº¹¼± AtlantisÀÇ Âø·ú¼º°øÀ» ȯȣÇßÀ¸³ª, ÃàÇÏȸ´Â ¾¹¾µÇÏ°í ´ÞÄÞÇß´Ù. ³× ¸íÀÇ ½Â¹«¿øÀÌ ±¹Á¦¿ìÁÖÁ¤°ÅÀå(ISS)¿¡ 1³âÄ¡ º¸±ÞǰÀ» Àü´ÞÇÑ ÀÓ¹«°¡ ¿Õº¹¼± ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ 135 ¹øÂ°ÀÌÀÚ ¸¶Áö¸· ºñÇàÀ̾ú´Ù. (¿ìÁÖ¿Õº¹ºñÇà) Á¾·á´Â George W. Bush ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ NASA¿¡°Ô ¿ìÁÖ¿Õº¹À» ´Ü°èÀûÀ¸·Î Áß´ÜÇÏ°í ´ë½Å¿¡ ´Þ·ÎÀÇ À¯ÀÎ ¿©ÇàÀ» ¸ñÇ¥·Î »ïÀ¸¶ó°í Áö½ÃÇÑ 2004³â ÀÌ·¡ °¡½ÃÀûÀ̾ú´Ù. (Barack Obama´Â ±× µÚ¿¡ ¸ñÇ¥¸¦ È­¼ºÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Ù¾ú´Ù.) BushÀÇ °áÁ¤¿¡ µÚµû¶ó ±× ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ºñ¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñÆÇÀÌ Áõ°¡Çß°í, 14¸íÀÇ ¿ìÁÖÀΰú µÎ ´ëÀÇ ¿Õº¹¼±À» ÀÒÀº °á°ú¸¦ ³ºÀº µÎ ¹øÀÇ ºñ±ØÀû Âü»çµµ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¹Ì±¹½Â¹«¿øµéÀº º¸±ÞǰÀ» ¹Ù²Ù°í Á¤°ÅÀåÀ» À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀ» °è¼Ó µ½°ÚÁö¸¸, ÀÌÁ¦ºÎÅÍ´Â ±×°÷¿¡ °¡±â À§ÇØ ±×µéÀº ·¯½Ã¾ÆÀÇ Soyuz ĸ½¶¿¡ ÀÇÁöÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¡á ¿Õº¹ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ¼ºÃëµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã߾£ ¾î¸° Âù»ç·Î °¡µæÇß´ø ¸¶Áö¸· ÀÓ¹«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸Å½ºÄÄÀÇ º¸µµ´Â,Atlantis¿¡ ½Ç¸° ¾î¶² ƯÁ¤ÇÑ Èï¹Ì°Å¸®¿¡ ÃÊÁ¡À» µÎ±âµµ Çß´Ù. ¡á SpaceLab¶ó°í ºÎ¸£´Â ÁÖ¹® ¼³°èµÈ ¾îÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ÇÀ» žÀçÇÑ Apple iPhone 4 µÎ ´ë°¡ Á¤°ÅÀå °ÅÁÖ ½Â¹«¿øµéÀÌ ´Ù¾çÇÑ °úÇнÇÇèÀ» Çϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀ» ÁÙ °ÍÀÎ ¹Ù, ¿ìÁÖ¿©ÇàÀÌ ÀüÈ­±â ÀÚü¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â È¿°ú¸¦ °üÂûÇÏ´Â ½ÇÇèµµ Æ÷Ç﵃ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¡á Samsung Nexus S¸¦ ¿î¹ÝÇÏ´Â ¿Õº¹¼±Àº, Á¤°ÅÀå°ú Áö»óÁ¶Á¤½ÇÀ» ¿¬°áÇÏ´Â ÀÛÀº ÀΰøÀ§¼ºµéÀÇ ´É·ÂÀ» Çâ»óÇϵµ·Ï ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. NexusÀÇ µµ¿òÀ¸·Î À̵é ÀΰøÀ§¼ºµé—Synchronized Position Hold, Engage, Reorientation Experimental Satellites (SPHERES)¶ó°íµµ ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Â ÀΰøÀ§¼ºµé—Àº ÀÌÁ¦ Ä«¸Þ¶ó¿Í WiFiÁ¢¼ÓÀ» °®Ãß°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¡á ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·± ¹°Ç°µéÀº ¼øÀüÈ÷ ½Ç¿ëÀûÀÌ´Ù. ÇÑ °¡Áö °¨¼ºÀûÀÎ ¸»À» µ¡ºÙÀÌÀÚ¸é, ¿µ±¹ ½Â¹«¿øÀÎ Piers Sellers´Â ž½Â ¶§ °¡Áö°í °¡±â À§ÇÏ¿©Isaac NewtonÀÇ Áß·ÂÀÌ·ÐÀ» ¶°¿À¸£°Ô ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø »ç°ú³ª¹«¿¡¼­ ¾òÀº 4ÀÎÄ¡ ±æÀÌÀÇ ³ª¹«Á¶°¢À» ¹Ú¹°°ü¿¡¼­ ºô·È´Ù. SellersÀÇ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ Á߿伺Àº ºÐ¸íÇÏ´Ù: Áï ¿ìÁÖ¿Õº¹¼±Àº Á߷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½Â¸®¿´´Ù.
30³â°£, ¿Õº¹¼± ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ¿ª»çÀû ÃÖÃʵé·Î ¼¼°èÀÇ »ó»ó·ÂÀ» »ç·ÎÀâ¾Ò´Ù. ¿ìÁÖ·Î ½î¾Æ ¿Ã¸° ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¿Õº¹¼± Columbia´Â ÃÖÃÊ·Î Àç»ç¿ëÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ ¿ìÁÖ¼±À̾ú°í ÀÌÀü¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¾î´À ¿ìÁÖ¼±º¸´Ù ÈξÀ ´õ º¹ÀâÇß´Ù. Columbia¿Í ±× °è½ÂÀÚµé—Áï Discovery, Endeavour, Atlantis—¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÓ¹«´ÂÃÖÃÊÀÇ ±¹Á¦ ¿ìÁÖ Á¤°ÅÀå °Ç¼³¿¡ ÇʼöÀûÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª AtlantisÀÇ ¿µ¿¹ °¡¿îµ¥ ÀϺδ ¸ðµÎ Atlantis¸¸ÀÇ Â÷Áö¿´´Ù. Atlantis´Â 1989³â 30 ¹øÂ°ÀÇ ºñÇà ¶§ ¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊ·Î Ç༺°£ Ž»ç¼± MagellanÀ» ±Ý¼ºÀ¸·Î ½î¾Æ º¸³Â´Ù. 6³â µÚ Atlantis´Â ·¯½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ¿ìÁÖ Á¤°ÅÀå Mir¿Í Àü·Ê°¡ ¾ø´Â µµÅ·À» ¼öÇàÇß´Ù. AtlantisÀÇ ½Â¹«¿øµéÀº 2009³â¿¡ Çãºí ¸Á¿ø°æÀ» ¼ö¸®ÇÏ°í °³¼±Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ¿ìÁÖÀ¯¿µÀ¸·Î ¼¼°è¸¦ ´Ù½Ã ³î¶ó°Ô Çß´ø ¹Ù, ±×°ÍÀº Çãºí ¸Á¿ø°æÀÌ ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ÈξÀ ´õ Àå°üÀÎ ¿µ»óµéÀ» ÂïÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô Çß´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ Atlantis´Â ¸¶Áö¸· ¿Õº¹¼±À¸·Îµµ ±â¾ïµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¿ÀÁ÷ µÎ °³ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¿ìÁÖ¿Õº¹¼±µéÀÌ ¿ÂÀüÇÑ Ã¼·Î ³²¾Æ Àִµ¥ Discovery¿Í EndeavourÀÌ´Ù. ±×°Íµéó·³ Atlantisµµ ¹Ú¹°°ü Àü½ÃǰÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex¿¡ Àü½ÃÇϱâ·Î °èȹµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ȸÀüÇÏ´Â Áö±¸¸ðÇü ¾Õ¿¡ ¿µ±¸È÷ ±Ëµµ¸¦ ºñÇàÇÏ´Â °Íó·³ °øÁß¿¡ ¸Å´Þ·ÁÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Vocabulary List
nostalgic – adv. °íÇâÀ» ±×¸®´Â, Çâ¼ö ¾î¸° / Feeling happy when you remember a time in the past
enhance – v. ³ôÀÌ´Ù, Çâ»ó½ÃŰ´Ù / To improve its value, quality, or attractiveness
experiment – n. ½ÇÇè / A scientific test done to find out how something reacts under certain conditions or to find out if a particular idea is true
probe – n. ¹«ÀÎ ¿ìÁÖ Å½»ç¼± / Spacecraft which travels into space with no people in it
gravity – n. Áß·Â / The force that causes something to fall to the ground or to be attracted to another planet
precede – v. ~¿¡ ¾Õ¼­´Ù, ¼±ÇàÇÏ´Ù / To happen or exist before something or someone, or to come before something else in a series
integral – adv. ÇʼöÀûÀÎ / Forming a necessary part of something
awe – v. °æ¿Ü½ÉÀ» °®°Ô ÇÏ´Ù / Feel great respect and often slightly afraid of someone
suspend – v. ¿¬±âÇÏ´Ù, ¸Å´Þ´Ù / To officially stop something from continuing
perpetual – adv. ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ °è¼ÓµÇ´Â / Continuing all the time without changing or stopping
 

 
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